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Setting Up Amanda Test Environment

Amanda Server (includes client): CentOS 5.2 Amanda Client: CentOS 4.4 Prerequisite: tar 1.15

Amanda is an open source backup and archiving software. It uses tar format for the backup data storage.

Below are the configuration notes adopted from the Amanda wiki.

Installing Amanda server

Download the Amanada from this website. Select Redhat Enterprise version for the CentOS platform.
Amanda packages create "amandabackup" user as the Amanda user. All the installed binaries have "amandabackup" as the owner and "disk" as the group name. The home directory for the user "amandabackup" will be /var/lib/amanda.

Getting configuration information

We need to know the configuration parameters in order to configure the Amanda. Run the following commands as a root user. Client Login

/usr/sbin/amadmin xx version | grep CLIENT_LOGIN

Configuration directory:

/usr/sbin/amadmin xx version | grep CONFIG_DIR

Debug output

/usr/sbin/amadmin xx version | grep AMANDA_DBGDIR

Binary installation directory:

/usr/sbin/amadmin xx version | grep libexecdir

tar - incremental backup listing dir

/usr/sbin/amadmin xx version | grep listed_incr_dir

Configuring Amanda Server

Amanda runs as a normal (non-root) user and the user should be in the disk group. The rpm package automatically creates amanda user. If for some reason it is not created then use following command to create a new Amanda user:
```
useradd -u amandabackup -g disk -d /var/lib/amanda -s /bin/bash -c ... 
```

Change the password to unlock amanda user account:
```
usermod -p "<new-password>" <account-name>
```

Following is a script from the Amanda quick start guide to update PATH variable if needed:

# Prepend these directories to PATH if needed
for d in /usr/local/bin /usr/local/sbin
do
    case :$PATH: in
        *:$d:*) : ;;
        *)  PATH=$d:$PATH ;;
    esac
done

We will be creating a new backup profile for every specific backup. To run a specific backup we will use this backup profile which defines source and destination paths. Let us create a new backup profile named test. Before that, We need to change ownership of /etc/amanda directory to the amanada user.
```
chown -R amandabackup:disk /etc/amanda
su - amandabackup
mkdir -p /etc/amanda/test
```

Copy example amanda configuration file(/var/lib/examples/amanda.conf) into your test profile (/etc/amanda/test) and make sure following configuration is defined. The directories curinfo and index are created automatically after the first run (amdump) if amanda user (amandabackup) has write permission in the /etc/amanda directory.
```
logdir   "/etc/amanda/test"                # log directory
infofile "/etc/amanda/test/curinfo"        # database filename
indexdir "/etc/amanda/test/index"          # index directory
tapelist "/etc/amanda/test/tapelist"       # list of used tapes
```
Create tapelist file with appropriate permission as follows.
```
touch /etc/amanda/test/tapelist
```

Specify holding disk in the configuration file. We will create it at a later stage.

holdingdisk hd1 {
    comment "test - main holding disk"
    directory "/space/amandahold/test"       # where the holding disk is
    use -100 Mb                 # how much space can we use on it
                                # a non-positive value means:
                                # use all space but that value
    chunksize 1Gb       # size of chunk if you want big dump to be
                        # dumped on multiple files on holding disks
                        #  N Kb/Mb/Gb split images in chunks of size N
                        #             The maximum value should be
                        #             (MAX_FILE_SIZE - 1Mb)
                        #  0          same as INT_MAX bytes
    }

}

Create holding disk as follows (you may need to be logged in as a root user):

mkdir -p /space/amandahold/test
chown -R amandabackup:disk /space/amandahold
chmod 750 /space/amandahold

Create virtual tapes as follows (you may need to be logged in as a root user):

mkdir -p /space/vtapes
chown amandabackup:disk /space/vtapes
chmod 750 /space/vtapes

Switch to amandabackup user:
```
su - amandabackup
```

Create slots on vtapes:

touch /etc/amanda/test/tapelist
mkdir -p /space/vtapes/test/slots
cd /space/vtapes/test/slots
for ((i=1; $i<=25; i++)); do mkdir  slot$i;done
ln -s slot1 data

Test whether virtual tape status is online:

ammt -f file:/space/vtapes/test/slots status

The default values in amanda.conf are for the DailySet?1 profile. Make appropriate changes at the following lines

labelstr "^DailySet1-[0-9][0-9]*$"               # label constraint regex: all tapes must match''' to match your conf name. 
tapedev "file://space/vtapes/test/slots"     # the no-rewind tape device to be used
changerfile "/etc/amanda/test/changer.conf
tpchanger "chg-disk"            # the tape-changer glue script
tapetype HARDDISK

Define tapetype HARDDISK

define tapetype HARDDISK {
     length 100000 mbytes
}

Label virtual tapes:

for ((i=1; $i<=9;i++)); do amlabel test test-0$i slot $i; done
for ((i=10; $i<=25;i++)); do amlabel test test-$i slot $i; done

Reset virtual tape back to the first slot:
```
amtape test reset
```

Check for amanda entries in the /etc/services file. Add them if necessary:
```
amanda 10080/udp
amandaidx 10082/tcp
amidxtape 10083/tcp 
```

Create a disklist file in the same directory where amanda.conf resides. This file contains client address, files to be backed up, dump type information
```
bob.lab.ac.uab.edu /backup/disk3/pavgi/Desktop/MyStuff comp-user-tar
```

Add auth type to the definition of global dumptype
```
auth "bsdtcp"
```

Amanda services are started automatically by the network services. For xinetd service create a file called amandaserver and add following lines to it:

# default: on
#
# description: Amanda services for Amanda server and client.
#

service amanda
{
        disable         = no
        flags           = IPv4
        flags           = IPv6
        socket_type     = stream
        protocol        = tcp
        wait            = no
        user            = amandabackup
        group           = disk
        groups          = yes
        server          = /usr/libexec/amanda/amandad
        server_args     = -auth=bsdtcp amdump amindexd amidxtaped
}

Restart xinetd service:
```
service xinetd reload
```

For adding amcheck and amdump commands to the crontab, log in as a amanda user and then give following commands:
```
crontab -e
```

Installing Amanda Client

Download the Amanada from this website. Select Redhat Enterprise version for the CentOS platform.
Amanda packages create "amandabackup" user as the Amanda user. All the installed binaries have "amandabackup" as the owner and "disk" as the group name. The home directory for the user "amandabackup" will be /var/lib/amanda. Create this user account manually if necessary.
```
useradd -u amandabackup -g disk -d /var/lib/amanda -s /bin/bash -c ... 
```

Configuring Amanda Client

Create .amandahosts file in the home directory (/var/lib/amanda/) of the Amanda user. The format is the hostname of the server and the amanda user on the server,
```
bob.lab.ac.uab.edu amandabackup amdump 
10.0.0.25 amandabackup amdump
```

Edit ownership and permission of amandahosts file.

chown amandabackup ~amandabackup ~/.amandahosts
chmod 755 ~amandabackup
chmod 600 ~amandabackup/.amandahosts

Create a network service startup file (xinetd on CentOS), /etc/xinetd.d/amandaclient as

# default: on
#
# description: Amanda services for Amanda client.
#
service amanda
{
        disable         = no
        socket_type     = stream
        protocol        = tcp
        wait            = no
        user            = amandabackup
        group           = disk
        groups          = yes
        server          = /usr/lib/amanda/amandad
        server_args     = -auth=bsdtcp amdump
}

Restart xinetd as
```
service xinetd reload
```

The configuration file amanda-client.conf is covered in the recovery section, as it will be used during recovery process by client.

Verifying configuration

Verify configuration using amcheck command
```
amcheck test
```

Run a backup

To tun a backup:
```
amdump test
```

To get a summary of a backup
```
amadmin test find
```

Recover data

For rpm installations, you should see the file amanda-client.conf file in the /etc/amanda directory. You may copy example file from /var/lib/amanda/examples/amanda-client.conf to /etc/amanda directory.

Change following lines to add server hostname

index_server "backupserver...lab.ac.uab.edu"    # your amindexd server
tape_server  "backupserver...lab.ac.uab.edu"    # your amidxtaped server

Add/Change auth type to bsdtcp
```
auth "bsdtcp"
```

Run amrecover on client machine
```
amrecover
```

From the client machine give command listdisk to get list of disks on which data is backed up.
```
listdisk
```

Select disk by specifying its path
```
setdisk /var/log/mysql
```

Get directory and file list
```
ls 
```

Change directory if necessary using cd command. Add data using add command and specify directory/file name.
```
add mysql.log
```

Specify location to store recovered files and then extract the data. Type in quit when done.
```
lcd /tmp
extract
```

References:

Attachments

amanda.conf (6.0 kB) -amanda server configuration file, added by pavgi@uab.edu on 10/30/08 14:14:27.

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